Describe the control mechanism of a fixed wing (CTOL) UAV.

Two-axis control (Yaw/Roll)

VTOL (vertical control wings) control is needed

Three-axis control (Yaw/Pitch/Roll)

Which core technologies enabled the first successful flight of UAVs?

Teleautomation & Mechanical gyroscopes

Mechanical gyroscopes

Teleautomation

What is meant by level of autonomy? Name the types of control methods used in UAVs.

We describe the levels as ranging from 0 (no autonomy) to 5 (full autonomy). There are three types of controls used in UAVs - Manual, Stabilised and Automated Control

We describe the levels as ranging from 0 (no autonomy) to 5 (full autonomy). There are two types of controls used in UAVs – Manual and Automated Control

We describe the levels as ranging from 0 (no autonomy) to 4 (full autonomy). There are three types of controls used in UAVs - Manual, Stabilised and Automated Control

There are several types of payloads used in UAV. What is meant by Active and Passive sensing?

Active sensors emit electro-magnetic energy towards external objects to capture and analyze the reflected energy. Passive sensors such as visual cameras, only capture energy emitted by external sources.

Active sensors emit electro-magnetic energy towards internal objects to capture and analyze the reflected energy. Passive sensors such as visual cameras, only capture energy emitted by external sources.

Active sensors emit electro-magnetic energy towards external objects to capture and analyze the reflected energy. Passive sensors such as visual cameras, only capture energy emitted by internal sources.

What are five commercial applications of UAS and its advantages over existing solutions.

Building Inspection, Aircraft Inspection, Oil/Gas/Power lines/Powerplant inspection, Public infrastructure (bridges, dams, roads etc.) inspection & Aerial mapping/surveying

Building Inspection, Aircraft Inspection, Oil/Gas/Power lines/Powerplant inspection, Public infrastructure (bridges, dams, roads etc.) inspection & Earth mapping/surveying

Aircraft Inspection, Oil/Gas/Power lines/Powerplant inspection, Public infrastructure (bridges, dams, roads etc.) inspection & Aerial mapping/surveying

What is meant by the Swiss-Cheese model of human error?

In human factors the swiss-cheese model is only a matter of preconditions that eventually leads to accidents.

There is no such a thing as the Swiss-Cheese model

In human factors the swiss-cheese model is often used to describe how errors slip through the guards of different layers of supervision and combine with certain preconditions that eventually leads to accidents.

How can actors/pilots/crew improve SA?

SA can be improved by incorporating following in UAS operation: Vigilance & Action

SA can be improved by incorporating following in UAS operation: Vigilance – managing the right type of attention; Diagnosis – identifying the root cause of the situation; Risk analysis – understanding the impact of the situation; Action – taking right actions to mitigate risk

SA can be improved by incorporating following in UAS operation: Diagnosis – identifying the root cause of the situation; Risk analysis – understanding the impact of the situation; Action – taking right actions to mitigate risk

SA can be improved by incorporating following in UAS operation: Vigilance – managing the right type of attention; Diagnosis – identifying the root cause of the situation; Risk analysis – understanding the impact of the situation; Action – taking right actions to mitigate risk